获取cookie的几种方式

在爬虫中cookie是非常有用的，可以解决反爬，封号等问题。接下来我们来说说获取cookie的集中方式。

这里采用python2.7，本来我都是用python3.6的，来了公司之后，公司适用版本2.7，就2.7咯，反正就写法上面有一些区别

第一种：mechanize

首先我们要使用mechanize，第一步:

pip install mechanize

第二步编写获取cookie代码：

import os
import mechanize
import cookielib,re

br = mechanize.Browser()
cj = cookielib.LWPCookieJar()
br.set_cookiejar(cj)

br.set_handle_equiv(True)
br.set_handle_gzip(True)
br.set_handle_redirect(True)
br.set_handle_referer(True)
br.set_handle_robots(False)
br.set_handle_refresh(mechanize._http.HTTPRefreshProcessor(), max_time=1)
br.set_debug_http(True)

br.addheaders = [('User-agent', '用户ua')]
br.set_proxies({"http": "代理"})
response = br.open('https://www.amazon.com')



cj = br._ua_handlers['_cookies'].cookiejar
for cookie in cj:
    print("cookieName:"+cookie.name)
    print("cookieValue:"+cookie.value)

cookie = [item.name + ":" + item.value for item in cj]
cookiestr={}
for item in cookie:
    name,value = item.split(":")
    cookiestr[name]=value

运行结果：

第二种：urllib

import urllib2
import cookielib
from http import cookiejar
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

User_Agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.86 Safari/537.36'
header = {}
header['User-Agent'] = User_Agent

cookie = cookiejar.CookieJar()
cookie_handle=urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookie)
cookie_opener = urllib2.build_opener(cookie_handle)

# proxy_support = urllib2.ProxyHandler({"http":"5.62.157.47:8085"})
# proxy_opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy_support)

urllib2.install_opener(cookie_opener)
# urllib2.install_opener(proxy_opener)

request = urllib2.Request("https://www.amazon.com",headers=header)
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)

for item in cookie:
    print('Name = ' +item.name)
    print('Value =' +item.value)

运行结果：

第三种：requests

import requests
headers = {'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.86 Safari/537.36'}
r = requests.get('https://www.amazon.com', headers = headers)
for cookie in r.cookies:
    print(cookie.name)
    print(cookie.value)
    print("=========")

运行结果：

第四种：selenium（个人感觉这个虽然加载比较慢，但是获取cookie最全）

pip install selenium

代码:

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='d:/seop/chromedriver.exe')
driver.get("https://www.amazon.com")
#for c in cookiestr.keys():
#    driver.add_cookie({'name':c,'value':cookiestr[c]})

#driver.get("https://www.amazon.com")

cookie = [item["name"] + "=" + item["value"] for item in driver.get_cookies()]
cookiestr = ';'.join(item for item in cookie)

运行结果:

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